01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Line an 8x8-inch baking pan with parchment paper, leaving an overhang on two sides for easy removal.
02 - Combine the unsalted butter and chopped dark chocolate in a heatproof bowl. Set over a pot of simmering water (double boiler) or microwave in 30-second intervals, stirring between each, until completely smooth. Let cool for 5 minutes.
03 - Whisk the granulated sugar and brown sugar into the melted chocolate mixture until glossy and well blended. Add the eggs one at a time, whisking thoroughly after each addition. Stir in the vanilla extract.
04 - Gently fold the sourdough starter into the batter using a spatula until fully incorporated and no streaks remain.
05 - Sift the all-purpose flour, cocoa powder, and fine sea salt together into a separate bowl. Gradually fold the dry mixture into the wet batter until just combined. Avoid overmixing to keep the brownies tender.
06 - Pour the batter into the prepared baking pan and spread it into an even layer. Scatter the mini chocolate chips or candy-coated pieces evenly across the surface, then generously sprinkle with rainbow sprinkles.
07 - Bake on the center rack for 28 to 32 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out with moist crumbs clinging to it. Avoid overbaking for the fudgiest texture.
08 - Transfer the pan to a wire rack and let the brownies cool completely in the pan. Once fully set, use the parchment overhang to lift the slab out and cut into 16 squares.